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Flexible Shaft Coupling Terms

Angular Misalignment – The condition in which the axes of shafts intersect with one another at an angle; angular misalignment is calculated by measuring the angle at the intersection of the connected axes, expressed in degrees.
 
Axis of Rotation – An imaginary line in the center of an object around which the object rotates.
 
Axial – Characterized by movement along the axis of rotation.
 
Axial Displacement – Condition in which shafts move axially; also called end float.
 
Axial Freedom – The amount of movement along the shaft axes that a coupling can permit.
 
Axial Stretch - The change in a shaft’s length, whether an increase or decrease in length, upon the application of a load.
 
Backlash – The extent of shaft movement.  
 
Bending Flexibility – Measurement indicating the comparison of flexibility between shafts.
 
Bending Stiffness – The shaft’s resistance to the application of torque.
 
Bore – The hole on the shaft onto which the coupling is mounted.
 
Burst Pressure – The pressure at which a device fails and loses ability to retain fluid.
 
Damping – The reduction of vibration between shafts; this reduction is caused by an elastomer in the coupling.
 
Field Repairable – In such cases the entire coupling does not have to be replaced and only certain components are repaired on site of the coupling.
 
Horsepower (hp) – Measurement unit indicating the time rate of work a piece of equipment produces. With regard to mechanical power, horsepower equals the movement of 33,000 pounds one foot per minute or the movement of 550 pounds one foot per second. Horsepower equals 746 watts of electrical power.
 
Hysteresis – A delay in the response of an object to forces, especially magnetic forces, acting upon the object; often observed in elastic and magnetic objects.
 
Inherent Balance – Balance of the coupling found in the original design of the coupling itself. This also can be a factor of the materials used in construction of the coupling, as certain stocks of metal are better for equilibrium.
 
Keyway – Rectangular opening in the coupling bore in which a key may be inserted to lock couplings and shaft parts into place.
 
Parallel Misalignment – The condition in which shafts axes are parallel, but do not intersect with one another; also called parallel offset or radial misalignment.
 
Piloting – The process of guaranteeing that shafts and couplings maintain the same axis of rotation.
 
Reactionary Load – The coupling’s exertion of force upon shafts during parallel misalignment, which causes the shafts to bend.
 
RPM (Revolutions Per Minute) – Measurement of operating speed indicating the number of full rotations a shaft completes in one minute.
 
Shear Pin – A protective pin used in some couplings to prevent cut off.
 
Shrouded Bolt – An optional bolt found on some flexible couplings, which are used during high speed applications. Installed with a socket wrench.
 
Thermal Expansion – Lengthening of shafting caused by change in environmental temperature.
 
Torque – The measurement of the extent to which a force applied to an object causes the object to rotate.
 
Torsional Softness – The low resistance of a shaft to twisting motion, opposite of torsional stiffness.
 
Torsional Stiffness – The measurement of a shaft’s resistance to twisting during operation. High torsionsal stiffness indicates minimal shaft twisting; low torsional stiffness indicates little resistance to twisting.
 
Torsional Vibration – The change in a rotational system’s torque.